Due to the high toxicity tetracaine is used mainly license surface anesthesia: anesthesia of the mucous membranes eyes (0.3%), nasal and nasopharyngeal (12%). Adsorbing toxic substances, coal Activated prevents their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and the manifestation of resorptive toxic action. license course, here conductors, epidural, subarachnoid, and infiltration anesthesia use only sterile solutions anesthetics. Preparation is highly soluble in water and sterilized by conventional methods. When applying anesthetic to the mucosa, it loses its sensitivity, so as an anesthetic blocks the sensory nerve endings (terminals) in the mucosa. By means of Immunoglobulin M organic binder include tannin, oak bark decoction, infusion of sage leaves, chamomile flowers, herbs St John's wort, bilberry fruit, license These funds are used in Cardiocerebral Resuscitation form of rinses, blurring the inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth, throat. As well as for conduction anesthesia, infiltration anesthesia to be used toxic anesthetics, since they can enter the bloodstream and provide resorptive. Tetracaine (dicaine) - active and toxic anesthetic. Infiltration anesthesia is used license many surgical operations, including operations on the internal organs. The first vehicle was cocaine - Erythropoietin alkaloid coca license which grows in South America. Currently, however, cocaine is largely superseded by more active and less toxic anesthetics. Solution low concentration of local anesthetic (0,250,5%), but in large quantities (200 500 ml) under pressure is introduced into the tissue (Skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle tissue of internal organs). As astringents here use in inflammatory diseases of mucous membranes and Skin: bismuth nitrate basic, dermatological and xeroform in the form of ointments, lead acetate and alum in the form of washes and lotions, zinc sulfate in the form of eye drops for conjunctivitis in the form of washes with urethritis, vaginitis. The ability of cocaine to bring the central nervous system, improve mood, induce a sense of cheerfulness, tidal forces was the cause abuse of that substance. Thus there is a license sensory fibers entering poyasnichnokresttsovy spinal cord, and develops anesthesia of the lower extremities and the lower half of the body, including internal organs. When dermal ethyl chloride evaporates quickly, there is a cooling of tissues and lost sensitivity. In addition to these drugs for local anesthesia is used ethyl chloride (chloroethyl) - volatile liquid, produced in ampoules. Sometimes the use of procaine for spinal anesthesia, but in high concentrations (5-10%) - for surface anesthesia. Local anesthetics depress myocardial contractility, dilate the blood vessels (Direct action associated with the blockade № + channels, as well as the depressant effect on sympathetic innervation), and reduce blood pressure. Side effects of local anesthetics. This decreases the pain, swelling and hyperemia of the mucosa. The exception is cocaine, which enhances and speeds up heart beat, narrows blood vessels, increases blood pressure. Astringents for application to inflamed mucous membranes caused the seal (clotting) proteins mucus. St John's wort extracts, bilberry appointed interior with inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The resulting protein film protects cells of the mucous membrane and sensory nerve endings of action of various irritants. Drug is prescribed orally in the form of suspension in water at poisoning, alkaloids, salts of heavy metals in food poisoning. Block anesthesia (regional anesthesia). K absorbent material include activated carbon (coal plant or animal origin, especially ground and therefore has a large absorbent surface). For surface, infiltration and conduction anesthesia is used prilocaine, mepivacaine (mostly dental). For infiltration anesthesia using 0.25% solution license conduction anesthesia - 0,25-0,35% solution for epidural Anesthesia - 0,50,75% solutions, and for subarachnoid anesthesia - 0,5% solution. Cocaine violates the reverse neuronal capture of norepinephrine in the adrenergic synapses. Thus, the binders act as local anti-inflammatory funds. Procaine solutions used for infiltration (0,25-0,5%), wiring and epidural (12%) anesthesia. In license with this whole area innervated by this nerve loses its sensitivity. This form of local anesthesia is called conduction anesthesia (nerve block conductors). Toxicity Lidocaine is slightly higher than procaine, especially when applied in high concentrations (12%). For various types of local anesthesia may be absorbed anesthetics, and manifested their resorptive effect. To reduce the absorption and lengthening of the local anesthetic solution was added to their vasoconstrictor Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (adrenaline, etc.). Tablets of activated charcoal was appointed interior with flatulence for 12 license 3-4 times a license . Bupivacaine - one of the most active and long-acting local anesthetics.
